Brief Instroduction
Animal Farm is easily the most famous work of
political allegory ever written. "It is the history of a revolution that
went wrong-and of the excellent excuses that were forthcoming at every
step for the perversion of the original doctrine." wrote George Orwell
for the first edition of Animal Farm in 1945.
The animals drive out Mr Jones and
attempt to run the farm themselves, and everything is wonderful for a while -- until the pigs get out
of hand. It is a brilliant description of what happens when the
revolution goes astray.
About George Orwell
Eric Arthur Blair (George Orwell) was born in 1903 in India. The family moved to England in 1907
and in 1917 Orwell entered Eton. From 1922 to 1927 he served with the
Indian Imperial Police in Burma, an experience that inspired his first
novel, Burmese Days (1934).
At the end
of 1936 Orwell went to Spain to fight for the Republicans and was
wounded, and Homage to Catalonia is his account of the civil war. During
the Second World War he served in the Home Guard and worked for the BBC
Eastern Service from 1941 to 1943.
His unique political allegory, Animal Farm, was published in 1945, and
it was this novel, together with Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949), which
brought him world-wide fame.
George Orwell died in London in January 1950. A few days before, Desmond
MacCarthy had sent him a message of greeting in which he wrote: "You
have made an indelible mark on English literature . . . you are among
the few memorable writers of your generation."
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简介
《动物庄园》无疑是最著名的政治寓言。“它是一部革命史,但它误入歧途,而且每一次偏离都那么有理由。”乔治·奥威尔在1945年该书出第一版时说。
动物们赶走了琼斯先生,试图自己管理农庄。一切都很美好,直到某一天猪登上了权力舞台。革命迷失了,小说对后来发生的事情做了精彩的描述。
关于乔治·奥威尔
Eric Arthur
Blair(乔治·奥威尔)于1903年出生在印度。1907年他们举家迁往英格兰,1917年奥威尔进入伊顿。1922年到1927年他作为印度皇家警察在缅甸服役,这次经历给予他灵感写了第一部小说,《缅甸人的岁月》(1934)。
1936年底奥威尔前往西班牙,为共和而战并负了伤,《向加泰罗尼亚致敬》就是他对这次内战的描述。在二次大战期间,从1941年到1943年他身为皇家禁卫军参加了BBC东方部的工作。他杰出的政治寓言《动物庄园》出版于1945年,这部小说连同《1984》(1949)使他闻名世界。
乔治·奥威尔于1950年在伦敦去世。去世前几天,Desmond MacCarthy曾写给他这样几句话:“你给英国文坛留下了难以磨灭的印记......你是同代人中少数值得怀念的人之一。”
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乔治·奥威尔不像个作家,他的特长仅是做些政治性讽刺。所以他最出名的两本小说《动物庄园》和《1984》都是政治色彩极浓的作品,情节构思其实都来自于现实。尤其对中国人来讲,有些东西看上去很熟悉,因此就不觉得它们有何巧妙之处。那些对奥威尔的赞美之辞我看是过誉了。
《动物庄园》一书情节相对紧凑,字数不多。所以上海人民出版社的这个版本索性将原文也收录进去,做成了英汉对照版。
《动物庄园》嘲讽的对象是谁,似乎有不同的说法。大多数人都认为是讽刺苏联,毕竟那是素材的直接来源——假如这本书是在1970年代写的话 |
可能就不仅仅苏联一个国家了。然而我觉得它的打击面也许更大,总的来说它讽刺了一切有能力造反却无能力治国的革命者。改变了自己的社会地位后,他们已经没有余力去改善自身的素质。中国古代的农民起义莫不如此,法国大革命中的一些革命者亦无不同。甚至在当今的商业社会中,穷人翻身成大款以后,也屡有类似表现。
所以,那个梦想建立世界共和国的巴黎人阿纳卡西斯·克洛斯在上断头台前说,“革命,人是你失败的根源。”
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