“场景”这一概念最早出现在克拉克的《作为娱乐机器的城市》一书中,他在研究各大城市舒适物情况与经济发展时,把反映人们态度行为的价值观整合到舒适物设施与活动中,形成了场景的分析框架。
传统可能更愿意与睦邻关系联系在一起,越轨更喜欢与自我表达联系在一起。
一个场景中三个利害相关的、综合的价值分类:真实性、戏剧性和合法性。
私人会所、高尔夫巡回赛,以及各种协会是反平等的场景存在之处。
在纽约和洛杉矶,迷人和领袖魅力是交叠的;好莱坞的英雄、音乐大师和时尚偶像构成了领袖魅力场景。在芝加哥,迷人和领袖魅力则有所区别;领袖魅力来自社区和虔诚的领导者。
从本书的主旨出发,可提出两项总体原则,供政策制定者参考。这两个原则就是:关注环境情境化(Contextualize),悉心培养(Cultivate)。
在将场景作为自变量处理时,场景理论看上去可能像一种“文化社会学”,以“文化的”变量驱动“物质的”结果。这是有误导性的,因为在文化和物质之间划出硬性的规定是不可能的。
Synopsis
The authors examine the patterns and
consequences of the amenities that define our streets and strips. They
articulate core dimensions of meaning supported by local scenes and use
inter-national data on hundreds of local amenities to measure specific
aspects of these dimensions. The book not only reimagines cities in
cultural terms, it details how scenes shape economic development,
residential patterns, and political attitudes and actions. It also
suggests how to add scenic ideas to social science theories and the
policy-makers toolkit.
About the authors
Daniel Aaron Silver
Professor of Sociology at the
University of Toronto Scarborough whose research areas are social
theory, cities, culture, and cultural policy. He is co-editor of The
Politics of Urban Cultural Policy.
Terry Nichols Clark
Professor of Sociology at the
University of Chicago. He is also international Coordinator of the
Fiscal Austerity and Urban Innovation Project, which is surveying city
officials across the U.S. and in thirty-five other countries.